Furnished Holiday Accommodation is, broadly, furnished accommodation let on a short term basis (less than 31 days at a time) for at least ten weeks in the tax year, and available for such letting for at least twenty weeks.
Landlords whose lettings fall within the rules enjoy a number of tax benefits that are not available to other landlords of living accommodation, whether furnished or unfurnished, and this article concentrates on one specific benefit that will be withdrawn for expenditure after the end of this tax year.
FHA landlords can claim “capital allowances” on expenditure on “plant and machinery” such as furniture, fridges, cookers, linen, knives and forks and so on. Given that there is a 100% “annual investment allowance” for the first £50,000 of such expenditure in the tax year, the majority of such landlords have effectively been able to claim the full cost of such capital expenditure in the year it is incurred.
Given that the allowance includes “integral” items such as heating and plumbing systems, even quite major refurbishment could largely be claimed in full in the year.
From April 2010, this will cease and FHA landlords will be on the same footing as others letting “residential accommodation”. Capital allowances cannot be claimed for expenditure on plant and machinery for use in residential accommodation. Instead, the landlord has a choice between two alternatives:
Wear and Tear
A landlord of furnished accommodation can claim a “wear and tear allowance” of 10% of the gross rent receivable each year. This is meant to cover the cost of replacing items of plant and machinery like those described above.
One point to note is that if you choose this allowance, you must apply it to all the furnished accommodation you let out – you cannot pick and choose between properties.
Renewals
The alternative is a throwback to the days before capital allowances. You can claim the cost of “renewing” any items of plant and machinery – but you must deduct anything you receive for the sale of the old item concerned, and also to reflect any “improvement” in the new item.
The problem arises if you have previously been claiming capital allowances on such items. In the case of larger plant and machinery such as fridges and cookers, you cannot claim the cost of “renewing” an item of plant on which you have already claimed capital allowances. Effectively, you have to do the first renewal with no allowance for the cost, but when it comes time to replace that item, you can claim the renewals allowance.
In the case of smaller items (“implements, articles and utensils”) the allowance for renewals is enshrined in statute and can be claimed even if the renewal is of a “utensil” on which capital allowances have been claimed.
Repairs
Note that whichever of the above two ways you choose to claim for your expenditure on plant and machinery, you can also claim for the cost of repairing (as against replacing) any plant and machinery. Exactly when a repair becomes a replacement can be a tricky point and is outside the scope of this article, but certainly the TV repairman’s bill is allowable, whether you are claiming wear and tear, renewals, or (currently) capital allowances.
Practical Tip
Some tax inspectors think that you cannot switch from capital allowances to renewals without missing out the first renewal, as described above, for larger items of plant and machinery. If they raise the issue, refer them to paragraph BIM46950 of their Business Income Manual.
James Bailey
